Fort Mose: America’s First Free Black Settlement

Before there was the Underground Railroad heading north, there was a different route to freedom—heading south. In 1738, just two miles north of St. Augustine, Florida, the Spanish crown established Fort Mose (pronounced Moh-SAY), the first legally sanctioned free Black settlement in what would become the United States.

This episode tells the extraordinary story of Fort Mose and the people who risked everything to get there. Enslaved men and women from the British colonies in the Carolinas fled south, crossing dangerous terrain and hostile territory, drawn by the promise of freedom if they pledged loyalty to the Spanish crown and converted to Catholicism. At Fort Mose, they built a community, defended the Spanish border, and redefined what freedom meant in colonial America.

We’ll walk through the history of the fort itself, its destruction and rediscovery, and the creation of the modern-day Fort Mose Historic State Park. We’ll talk about the reenactments, the replica fort, and why this site matters, not just as a piece of Florida history, but as a cornerstone of the American story.

📍 Locations Mentioned

• Fort Mose Historic State Park – 15 Fort Mose Trail, St. Augustine, FL 32084
  🌐 fortmose.org

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